Download a Printable PDF of this Cheat Sheet. With this, we come to an end of Python Data Structures Basic Cheat sheet. To get in-depth knowledge, check out our Python for Data Science Bootcamp that comes with 24.7 support to guide you throughout your learning period. This Python programming tutorial will help you learn Python and build a career in this top programming language. This tutorial contains Python basics, its salient features, basic syntax, variables, string, numbers, data types, tuples, lists, sets, dictionary, conditional statements, loops and user defined functions.
Cheat sheets can be really helpful when you’re trying a set of exercises related to a specific topic, or working on a project. Because you can only fit so much information on a single sheet of paper, most cheat sheets are a simple listing of syntax rules. This set of cheat sheets aims to remind you of syntax rules, but also remind you of important concepts as well. You can click here and download all of the original sheets in a single document.
A more recently updated version of these sheets (April 2021) is available through Leanpub. The updated version includes a sheet that focuses on Git basics, a printer-friendly b&w version of each sheet, and each sheet as a separate document. There is an option to download the fully updated set at no cost.
If you’d like to know when more resources become available, you can sign up for email notifications here.
Overview Sheet
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet
- Provides an overview of the basics of Python including variables, lists, dictionaries, functions, classes, and more.
Python Basics
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Lists
- Focuses on lists: how to build and modify a list, access elements from a list, and loop through the values in a list. Also covers numerical lists, list comprehensions, tuples, and more.
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Dictionaries
- Focuses on dictionaries: how to build and modify a dictionary, access the information in a dictionary, and loop through dictionaries in a variety of ways. Includes sections on nesting lists and dictionaries, using dictionary comprehensions, and more.
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - If Statements and While Loops
- Focuses on if statements and while loops: how to write conditional tests with strings and numerical data, how to write simple and complex if statements, and how to accept user input. Also covers a variety of approaches to using while loops.
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Functions
- Focuses on functions: how to define a function and how to pass information to a function. Covers positional and keyword arguments, return values, passing lists, using modules, and more
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Classes
- Focuses on classes: how to define and use a class. Covers attributes and methods, inheritance and importing, and more.
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Files and Exceptions
- Focuses on working with files, and using exceptions to handle errors that might arise as your programs run. Covers reading and writing to files, try-except-else blocks, and storing data using the json module.
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Testing Your Code
- Focuses on unit tests and test cases. How to test a function, and how to test a class.
Project-Focused Sheets
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Pygame
- Focuses on creating games with Pygame. Creating a game window, rect objects, images, responding to keyboard and mouse input, groups, detecting collisions between game elements, and rendering text
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Matplotlib
- Focuses on creating visualizations with Matplotlib. Making line graphs and scatter plots, customizing plots, making multiple plots, and working with time-based data.
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Plotly
- Focuses on creating visualizations with Plotly. Making line graphs, scatter plots, and bar graphs, styling plots, making multiple plots, and working with geographical datasets.
- Beginner’s Python Cheat Sheet - Django
- Focuses on creating web apps with Django. Installing Django and starting a project, working with models, building a home page, using templates, using data, and making user accounts.
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Regular expressions are a very useful tool for developers. They allow to find, identify or replace a word, character or any kind of string. This tutorial will teach you how to master PHP regexp and show you extremely useful, ready-to-use PHP regular expressions that any web developer should have in his toolkit.
Getting Started With Regular Expressions
For many beginners, regular expressions seem to be hard to learn and use. In fact, they’re far less hard than you may think. Before we dive deep inside regexp with useful and reusable codes, let’s quickly see the basics of PCRE regex patterns:
Regular Expressions Syntax
A regular expression (regex or regexp for short) is a special text string for describing a search pattern. A regex pattern matches a target string. The following table describes most common regex:
| Regular Expression | Will match… |
|---|---|
| foo | The string “foo” |
| ^foo | “foo” at the start of a string |
| foo$ | “foo” at the end of a string |
| ^foo$ | “foo” when it is alone on a string |
| [abc] | a, b, or c |
| [a-z] | Any lowercase letter |
| [^A-Z] | Any character that is not a uppercase letter |
| (gif|jpg) | Matches either “gif” or “jpg” |
| [a-z]+ | One or more lowercase letters |
| [0-9.-] | Any number, dot, or minus sign |
| ^[a-zA-Z0-9_]{1,}$ | Any word of at least one letter, number or _ |
| ([wx])([yz]) | wy, wz, xy, or xz |
| [^A-Za-z0-9] | Any symbol (not a number or a letter) |
| ([A-Z]{3}|[0-9]{4}) | Matches three letters or four numbers |
PHP Regular Expression Functions
PHP has many useful functions to work with regular expressions. Here is a quick cheat sheet of the main PHP regex functions. Remember that all of them are case sensitive.
For more information about the native functions for PHP regular expressions, have a look at the manual.
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| preg_match() | The preg_match() function searches string for pattern, returning true if pattern exists, and false otherwise. |
| preg_match_all() | The preg_match_all() function matches all occurrences of pattern in string. Useful for search and replace. |
| preg_replace() | The preg_replace() function operates just like ereg_replace(), except that regular expressions can be used in the pattern and replacement input parameters. |
| preg_split() | Preg Split (preg_split()) operates exactly like the split() function, except that regular expressions are accepted as input parameters. |
| preg_grep() | The preg_grep() function searches all elements of input_array, returning all elements matching the regex pattern within a string. |
| preg_ quote() | Quote regular expression characters |
Validate a Domain Name
Case sensitive regex to verify if a string is a valid domain name. This is very useful when validating web forms.
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Enlight a Word From a Text
This very useful regular expression will find a specific word in a string and enlight it. Extremely useful for search results. Remember that it’s case sensitive.
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Enlight Search Results in Your WordPress Blog
The previous code snippet can be very handy when it comes to displaying search results. If your website is powered by WordPress, here is a more specific snippet that will search and replace a text by the same text within an HTML tag that you can style later, using CSS.
Open your search.php file and find the the_title() function. Replace it with the following:
Now, just before the modified line, add this code:
Save the search.php file and open style.css. Append the following line to it:
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Get All Images From a HTML Document
If you ever wanted to be able to get all images form a webpage, this code is a must have for you. You should easily create an image downloader using the power of cURL.
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Beginners Python Cheat Sheet
Remove Repeated Words (Case Insensitive)
Often repeating words while typing? This handy case insensitive PCRE regex will be very helpful.
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Remove Repeated Punctuation
Same php regex as above, but this one will look for repeated punctuation within a string. Goodbye multiple commas!
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Match a XML/HTML Tag
This simple function takes two arguments: The first is the tag you’d like to match, and the second is the variable containing the XML or HTML. Once again, this can be very powerful used along with cURL.
Match an HTML/XML Tag With a Specific Attribute Value
This function is very similar to the previous one, but it allow you to match a tag having a specific attribute. For example, you could easily match <div>.
Match Hexadecimal Color Values
Another interesting tool for web developers! It allows you to match/validate a hexadecimal color value.
Find Page Title
This handy code snippet will find and print the text within the <title> and </title> tags of a HTML page.
Parse Apache Logs
Most websites are running on the Apache webserver. If your website does, you can easily use PHP and regular expressions to parse Apache logs.
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Replace Double Quotes by Smart Quotes
If you’re a typography lover, you’ll probably love this regex pattern which allow you to replace double quotes by smart quotes. A similar regular expression is used by WordPress to make the content more beautiful.
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Beginners Python Cheat Sheet Pdf
Check Password Complexity
This regular expression will tests if the input consists of 6 or more letters, digits, underscores, and hyphens.
The input must contain at least one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter and one digit.
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WordPress: Using Regexp to Retrieve Images From a Post
As I know many of you are WordPress users, you’ll probably enjoy that code which allows you to retrieve all images from post content and display it.
To use this code on your blog, simply paste the following code on one of your theme files.
Beginners Python Cheat Sheets
Generate Emoticons Automatically
Programming Cheat Sheet Pdf
Another function used by WordPress. This one allow you to automatically replace an emoticon symbol by an image.